The Belian reservoir was created before 1747. At that time it was already drawn on Zipser's map. It belonged to Geramba's mining union.

From the second half of the 18th century and in the 19th century, together with the Halčianska water reservoir, it served as a water source for powering stupas, mills and a blacksmith's hammer in Kozelnícka valley and as technological water for the silver and lead smelter in Banská Belá. Water was supplied to this water reservoir by two mine ditches. The first captured the stream flowing through the Jergištôlňanska valley and brought water from the right side of the dam alongside the main road. On the other side of the embankment, the Belian collection ditch opened, which collected water from the northern side of Kalvária for a length of 1.2 km. The lake was abundantly fed by a tributary from the valley at the end of which it is built. The remains of the now non-functioning collection ditches are still clearly visible in the field, in contrast to the drive ditches. They disappeared together with the end of mining activity and the disappearance of the technological facilities to which they supplied water. The water tank was almost non-functional for a long time. As a result of faults in the body of the dam, a minimum amount of water was retained in the water reservoir.

According to to the Restoration Program and the concept of the development of historical water reservoirs of the Banská Štiavnica water management system, reconstruction work was also carried out on the Belianska water reservoir in the years 1985-2002. It mainly concerned the restoration of the waterworks adit, the installation of the bottom outlets and control elements, repair of the guide slope of the dam, the drainage of the underdam, safety spillway, objects for observation and the measurement, and water meter.

Currently, the reservoir is used for recreational purposes and fishing. The water reservoir is a national cultural monument on the territory, which is inscribed on the UNESCO World Cultural and Natural Heritage List.

Technical parameters of the Belianska water reservoir:
- altitude: 556.75 m above sea level
- maximum depth: 18 m
- volume: 146,000 m3 (1855)
- length of known tributary ditches: 1,700 m
- dam: length of the crown of the dam: 130 m
- width of the dam crown: 9 m
- dam height: 19 m